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希腊字母 定义

The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late ninth or early eighth century BC. It is derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, and was the first alphabetic script in history to have distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. In Archaic and early Classical times, the Greek alphabet existed in many different local variants, but, by the end of the fourth century BC, the Euclidean alphabet, with twenty-four letters, ordered from alpha to omega, had become standard and it is this version that is still used to write Greek today. These twenty-four letters (each in uppercase and lowercase forms) are: Α α, Β β, Γ γ, Δ δ, Ε ε, Ζ ζ, Η η, Θ θ, Ι ι, Κ κ, Λ λ, Μ μ, Ν ν, Ξ ξ, Ο ο, Π π, Ρ ρ, Σ σ/ς, Τ τ, Υ υ, Φ φ, Χ χ, Ψ ψ, and Ω ω. In the system of Greek numerals many of these characters from the Greek alphabet were given numerical values as well.

希腊字母是拉丁字母和西里尔字母的祖先。与拉丁文和西里尔文一样，希腊文最初的每个字母只有一种形式。在现代，它与拉丁文并行发展了大写和小写之间的字母大小写区别。一些字母的声音值和传统转录在古代和现代希腊语的用法之间有所不同，因为希腊语的发音在公元前五世纪和今天之间发生了显着变化。现代和古希腊也使用不同的变音符号。除了用于书写希腊语，无论是古代还是现代形式，今天的希腊字母还用作数学、科学和其他领域的许多领域的技术符号和标签的来源。