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Præfiks Definition
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word to denote additional information or change the meaning of that word. Particularly in the study of languages, a prefix is also called a preformative, because it alters the form of the word to which it is affixed.
Oversigt
Prefixes, like other affixes, can be either inflectional or derivational. Inflectional prefixes create a new form of a word with the same basic meaning and same lexical category. In contrast derivational prefixes create a new word with a new semantic meaning and sometimes also a different lexical category. Prefixes like all affixes, are usually bound morphemes.
English has no inflectional prefixes, using only suffixes for that purpose. Adding a prefix to the beginning of an English word changes it to a different word. For instance, when the prefix un- is added to the word happy, it creates the word unhappy thus altering the meaning of the word.
The word prefix is itself made up of the stem fix (meaning attach), and the prefix pre- (meaning before), both of which are derived from Latin roots.
Numeral or number prefixes are prefixes derived from numerals or occasionally other numbers. In English and various other languages, they are used to coin numerous series of words.
Eksempler
Some examples of prefixes include:
Unicycle, bicycle, tricycle (1-cycle, 2-cycle, 3-cycle)
Biped, quadruped (2 legs, 4 legs)
Dyad, triad (2 parts, 3 parts)
Decimal, hexadecimal (base-10, base-16)
September, October, November, December (month 7, month 8, month 9, month 10)
Centipede, millipede (around 100 legs, around 1000 legs)
Septuagenarian, octogenarian (70-79 years old, 80-89 years old)
SI -præfikser
Her er en tabel over SI -præfikser og nogle af deres egenskaber:
Navn og symbol |
Base 10 |
Decimal |
Engelsk ord |
Adoption |
|
Kort skala |
Lang skala |
||||
| Quetta (Q) | 1030 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Nonillion |
Quintillion |
2022 |
| Ronna (R) | 1027 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Octillion |
2022 |
|
| Yotta (Y) | 1024 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Septillion |
Quadrillion |
1991 |
| Zetta (Z) | 1021 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Sextillion |
Trilliard |
1991 |
| Exa (e) | 1018 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Quintillion |
Billion |
1975 |
| PETA (P) | 1015 |
1,000,000,000,000,000 |
Quadrillion |
Billiard |
1975 |
| Tera (t) | 1012 |
1,000,000,000,000 |
Billion |
Milliard |
1960 |
| Giga (g) | 109 |
1,000,000,000 |
Milliard |
Milliard |
1960 |
| Mega (M) | 106 |
1,000,000 |
Million |
1873 |
|
| Kilo (k) | 103 |
1,000 |
Tusind |
1795 |
|
| Hekto (H) | 102 |
100 |
Hundrede |
1795 |
|
| Deca (DA) | 101 |
10 |
Ti |
1795 |
|
| En (1) | 100 |
1 |
En |
- |
|
| Deci (d) | 10-1 |
0.1 |
Tiende |
1795 |
|
| Centi (c) | 10-2 |
0.01 |
Hundredededel |
1795 |
|
| Milli (M) | 10-3 |
0.001 |
Tusindedel |
1795 |
|
| Mikro (µ) | 10-6 |
0.000001 |
Millionth |
1873 |
|
| Nano (n) | 10-9 |
0.000000001 |
Milliarder |
Milliard |
1960 |
| Pico (P) | 10-12 |
0.000000000001 |
Billion |
Milliarder |
1960 |
| Femto (f) | 10-15 |
0.000000000000001 |
Quadrillionth |
Billiardth |
1964 |
| Atto (a) | 10-18 |
0.000000000000000001 |
Quintillionth |
Billion |
1964 |
| Zepto (Z) | 10-21 |
0.000000000000000000001 |
Sextillionth |
Trilliardth |
1991 |
| Yocto (Y) | 10-24 |
0.000000000000000000000001 |
Septillionth |
Quadrillionth |
1991 |
| Ronto (r) | 10-27 |
0.000000000000000000000000001 |
Octillionth |
2022 |
|
| Quecto (q) | 10-30 |
0.000000000000000000000000000001 |
Nonillionth |
Quintillionth |
2022 |
Andre præfiksenhedsdefinitioner
- Atto (a)
- Centi (c)
- Deca (DA)
- Deci (d)
- Deka (da)
- Exa (e)
- Exbi (EI)
- Femto (f)
- Gibi (GI)
- Giga (g)
- Hekto (H)
- Kibi (Ki)
- Kilo (k)
- Mebi (MI)
- Mega (M)
- Mikro (µ)
- Milli (M)
- Nano (n)
- En (1)
- Pebi (PI)
- PETA (P)
- Pico (P)
- Qubi (Qi)
- Quecto (q)
- Quetta (Q)
- Robi (Ri)
- Ronna (R)
- Ronto (r)
- Tebi (TI)
- Tera (t)
- Yobi (Yi)
- Yocto (Y)
- Yotta (Y)
- Zebi (Zi)
- Zepto (Z)
- Zetta (Z)
Konverter til en anden præfiksenhed
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Kilder
“Prefix.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Sept. 2023, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix.
“Numeral prefix.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Sept. 2023, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeral_prefix.