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Eesliide Määratlus
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word to denote additional information or change the meaning of that word. Particularly in the study of languages, a prefix is also called a preformative, because it alters the form of the word to which it is affixed.
Ülevaade
Prefixes, like other affixes, can be either inflectional or derivational. Inflectional prefixes create a new form of a word with the same basic meaning and same lexical category. In contrast derivational prefixes create a new word with a new semantic meaning and sometimes also a different lexical category. Prefixes like all affixes, are usually bound morphemes.
English has no inflectional prefixes, using only suffixes for that purpose. Adding a prefix to the beginning of an English word changes it to a different word. For instance, when the prefix un- is added to the word happy, it creates the word unhappy thus altering the meaning of the word.
The word prefix is itself made up of the stem fix (meaning attach), and the prefix pre- (meaning before), both of which are derived from Latin roots.
Numeral or number prefixes are prefixes derived from numerals or occasionally other numbers. In English and various other languages, they are used to coin numerous series of words.
Näited
Some examples of prefixes include:
Unicycle, bicycle, tricycle (1-cycle, 2-cycle, 3-cycle)
Biped, quadruped (2 legs, 4 legs)
Dyad, triad (2 parts, 3 parts)
Decimal, hexadecimal (base-10, base-16)
September, October, November, December (month 7, month 8, month 9, month 10)
Centipede, millipede (around 100 legs, around 1000 legs)
Septuagenarian, octogenarian (70-79 years old, 80-89 years old)
SI prefiksid
Siin on tabel Si -eesliidetest ja mõned nende omadused:
Nimi ja sümbol |
Base 10 |
Kümnel |
Ingliskeelne sõna |
Lapsendamine |
|
Lühiskaala |
Pikk ulatus |
||||
| Quetta (Q) | 1030 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Nonillion |
Kvintiljon |
2022 |
| Ronna (R) | 1027 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Octillion |
2022 |
|
| Yotta (Y) | 1024 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Sepiljon |
Nelinurk |
1991 |
| Zetta (Z) | 1021 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Sekstiljon |
Trilliard |
1991 |
| Exa (e) | 1018 |
1,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Kvintiljon |
Triljon |
1975 |
| PETA (P) | 1015 |
1,000,000,000,000,000 |
Nelinurk |
Piljard |
1975 |
| Tera (T) | 1012 |
1,000,000,000,000 |
Triljon |
Miljard |
1960 |
| Giga (g) | 109 |
1,000,000,000 |
Miljard |
Milriard |
1960 |
| Mega (m) | 106 |
1,000,000 |
Miljon |
1873 |
|
| Kilo (k) | 103 |
1,000 |
Tuhat |
1795 |
|
| Hecto (h) | 102 |
100 |
Sada |
1795 |
|
| DECA (DA) | 101 |
10 |
Kümme |
1795 |
|
| One (1) | 100 |
1 |
Üks |
- |
|
| Deci (d) | 10-1 |
0.1 |
Kümnendik |
1795 |
|
| Centi (c) | 10-2 |
0.01 |
Sajandik |
1795 |
|
| Milli (m) | 10-3 |
0.001 |
Tuhandik |
1795 |
|
| Mikro (µ) | 10-6 |
0.000001 |
Miljons |
1873 |
|
| Nano (n) | 10-9 |
0.000000001 |
Miljardit |
Milriardth |
1960 |
| Pico (P) | 10-12 |
0.000000000001 |
Triljonis |
Miljardit |
1960 |
| Femto (f) | 10-15 |
0.000000000000001 |
Neljand |
Piljardits |
1964 |
| Atto (a) | 10-18 |
0.000000000000000001 |
Kvintiltionth |
Triljonis |
1964 |
| Zepto (z) | 10-21 |
0.000000000000000000001 |
Sekstilonth |
Trilliardth |
1991 |
| Yocto (y) | 10-24 |
0.000000000000000000000001 |
Septoll |
Neljand |
1991 |
| Ronto (r) | 10-27 |
0.000000000000000000000000001 |
Octillionth |
2022 |
|
| Quecto (q) | 10-30 |
0.000000000000000000000000000001 |
Nonillionth |
Kvintiltionth |
2022 |
Muud eesliiteühiku määratlused
- Atto (a)
- Centi (c)
- DECA (DA)
- Deci (d)
- Deka (da)
- Exa (e)
- Exbi (Ei)
- Femto (f)
- Gibi (gi)
- Giga (g)
- Hecto (h)
- Kibi (Ki)
- Kilo (k)
- Mebi (Mi)
- Mega (m)
- Mikro (µ)
- Milli (m)
- Nano (n)
- One (1)
- Pebi (pi)
- PETA (P)
- Pico (P)
- Qubi (Qi)
- Quecto (q)
- Quetta (Q)
- Robi (Ri)
- Ronna (R)
- Ronto (r)
- Tebi (ti)
- Tera (T)
- Yobi (yi)
- Yocto (y)
- Yotta (Y)
- Zebi (Zi)
- Zepto (z)
- Zetta (Z)
Teisendada teiseks eesliiteüksuseks
Loobumine
Ehkki selle üksuse muunduri testimiseks on tehtud kõik jõupingutused, ei tohi meid vastutada eriliste, juhuslike, kaudsete või kaudsete kahjustuste või rahaliste kahjude eest, mis tulenevad muunduri tööriistadest või seoses ja selle veebisaidilt pärit teave. Seda ühikumuundurit osutatakse teile teenusena, palun kasutage omal vastutusel. Ärge kasutage arvutusi millegi jaoks, kus elu kaotamine, raha, vara jne võiksid tuleneda ebatäpsetest ühikute muutmistest.
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Allikad
“Prefix.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Sept. 2023, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix.
“Numeral prefix.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Sept. 2023, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeral_prefix.